👑 Matthew Chapters 21 – 22 🦁

🙏🏻 Heavenly Father, Lord Jesus, Holy Spirit – slow our lives down as we follow Jesus into this journey to Jerusalem.  We’ve read the story, we know where this road leads. And we know that Jesus knew. It is still a story so amazing that we can only approach it with awe.  Slow our minds down, remove the clutter and let us embrace anew the faithful love that is being demonstrated on these pages.  We ask for your comforting revelation in the mighty name of Jesus. Amen.

Where have we been so far?  (Click here to jump to the recap of chapters 1 through 20.)

Jesus Comes to Jerusalem as King

21 As they approached Jerusalem and came to Bethphage on the Mount of Olives, Jesus sent two disciples, ² saying to them, “Go to the village ahead of you, and at once you will find a donkey tied there, with her colt by her. Untie them and bring them to me. ³ If anyone says anything to you, say that the Lord needs them, and he will send them right away.”

⁴ This took place to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet:

⁵ “Say to Daughter Zion,
    ‘See, your king comes to you,
gentle and riding on a donkey,
    and on a colt, the foal of a donkey.’” [Zechariah 9:9]

⁶ The disciples went and did as Jesus had instructed them. ⁷ They brought the donkey and the colt and placed their cloaks on them for Jesus to sit on. ⁸ A very large crowd spread their cloaks on the road, while others cut branches from the trees and spread them on the road. ⁹ The crowds that went ahead of him and those that followed shouted,

“Hosanna to the Son of David!”

“Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!”[Psalm 118:25,26]

“Hosanna in the highest heaven!”

¹⁰ When Jesus entered Jerusalem, the whole city was stirred and asked, “Who is this?”

¹¹ The crowds answered, “This is Jesus, the prophet from Nazareth in Galilee.”

Points to Ponder: Matthew’s Gospel stresses the messiahship of Jesus as prophesized in the Old Testament. Jesus riding into Jerusalem and the crowd’s response is tied to Zechariah and the Psalms.

In a recent broadcast from Truth for Life, Alistair Begg reminded me that it takes the whole bible to make a whole Christian.  He quoted, (which I have to paraphrase), W.H. Griffith Thomas when talking about how the Old Testament alone is a book of unfulfilled prophecies, unexplained ceremonies, and unsatisfied longings – because in the Old Testament, ‘the new’ is concealed. But in the New Testament, ‘the old’ is revealed! Those prophecies are fulfilled in Jesus’ life, the religious ceremonies are explained in Jesus’ death and our longings are satisfied in His resurrection.

Jesus at the Temple

¹² Jesus entered the temple courts and drove out all who were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers and the benches of those selling doves. ¹³ “It is written,” he said to them, “‘My house will be called a house of prayer,’ [Isaiah 56:7] but you are making it ‘a den of robbers.’[Jeremiah 7:11]”

¹⁴ The blind and the lame came to him at the temple, and he healed them. ¹⁵ But when the chief priests and the teachers of the law saw the wonderful things he did and the children shouting in the temple courts, “Hosanna to the Son of David,” they were indignant.

¹⁶ “Do you hear what these children are saying?” they asked him.

“Yes,” replied Jesus, “have you never read,

“‘From the lips of children and infants
    you, Lord, have called forth your praise’ [Psalm 8:2]?”

¹⁷ And he left them and went out of the city to Bethany, where he spent the night.

Points to Ponder: Jesus Himself uses Old Testament scripture from Isaiah and Jeremiah to remind us that He is the fulfillment of the law and the prophets.  When the religious leaders approach Jesus to condemn the words of the children, Jesus reminds them of scripture that has always pointed to Him.

Jesus Curses a Fig Tree

¹⁸ Early in the morning, as Jesus was on his way back to the city, he was hungry. ¹⁹ Seeing a fig tree by the road, he went up to it but found nothing on it except leaves. Then he said to it, “May you never bear fruit again!” Immediately the tree withered.

²⁰ When the disciples saw this, they were amazed. “How did the fig tree wither so quickly?” they asked.

²¹ Jesus replied, “Truly I tell you, if you have faith and do not doubt, not only can you do what was done to the fig tree, but also you can say to this mountain, ‘Go, throw yourself into the sea,’ and it will be done. ²² If you believe, you will receive whatever you ask for in prayer.”

Points to Ponder: Matthew sandwiches this wild event with the fig tree between two stories of the religious leaders.  Let us pause and consider that Jesus is not fooled by the motions and trappings of those who claim to be ‘religious and spiritual.’  He’s looking for fruit!

Also consider that in less than 40 years from this event, the religious establishment in Jerusalem will be done.  At Jesus’ death the curtain in the temple is torn and in 70 A.D., the temple is destroyed. The practice of the religious rulers judging the worshippers’ sacrifices to see if they are ‘good enough’… exchanging their money into ‘proper money’… etc., will be done… forever.  (And in that time period, is the book of Acts and the birth of The Church.)  Fascinating!

The Authority of Jesus Questioned

²³ Jesus entered the temple courts, and, while he was teaching, the chief priests and the elders of the people came to him. “By what authority are you doing these things?” they asked. “And who gave you this authority?”

²⁴ Jesus replied, “I will also ask you one question. If you answer me, I will tell you by what authority I am doing these things. ²⁵ John’s baptism—where did it come from? Was it from heaven, or of human origin?”

They discussed it among themselves and said, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will ask, ‘Then why didn’t you believe him?’ ²⁶ But if we say, ‘Of human origin’—we are afraid of the people, for they all hold that John was a prophet.”

²⁷ So they answered Jesus, “We don’t know.”

Then he said, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things.

Points to Ponder: The religious leaders cannot argue against Jesus’ teachings or the miraculous signs, instead they focus on whether He has the authority to do what He’s doing… as if they were the judges of miracles.  He responds with a question that should reveal the corruption in their hearts.  John the Baptist testified about Jesus and they would not believe. But they couldn’t say that in public.  Great example of not being able to serve two masters.

The Parable of the Two Sons

²⁸ “What do you think? There was a man who had two sons. He went to the first and said, ‘Son, go and work today in the vineyard.’

²⁹ “‘I will not,’ he answered, but later he changed his mind and went.

³⁰ “Then the father went to the other son and said the same thing. He answered, ‘I will, sir,’ but he did not go.

³¹ “Which of the two did what his father wanted?”

“The first,” they answered.

Jesus said to them, “Truly I tell you, the tax collectors and the prostitutes are entering the kingdom of God ahead of you. ³² For John came to you to show you the way of righteousness, and you did not believe him, but the tax collectors and the prostitutes did. And even after you saw this, you did not repent and believe him.

Points to Ponder: Jesus leaves little doubt to the meaning of this parable.  The first son represents the tax collectors and the prostitutes… the least, the lost, and the left-out of society who repent and believe and go out and do the Father’s will. The other son represents the religious leadership that say one thing… but do nothing and they see no need for repentance for their lack of obedience.  The great punchline here… your sin doesn’t disqualify you.  Repent and believe.  Humble yourself and follow Jesus.  (And not in ‘word’ only… learn what ‘repentance’ means! God sees our hearts and knows our thoughts. Honor Him with honesty.)

The Parable of the Tenants

³³ “Listen to another parable: There was a landowner who planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a winepress in it and built a watchtower. Then he rented the vineyard to some farmers and moved to another place. ³⁴ When the harvest time approached, he sent his servants to the tenants to collect his fruit.

³⁵ “The tenants seized his servants; they beat one, killed another, and stoned a third. ³⁶ Then he sent other servants to them, more than the first time, and the tenants treated them the same way. ³⁷ Last of all, he sent his son to them. ‘They will respect my son,’ he said.

³⁸ “But when the tenants saw the son, they said to each other, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him and take his inheritance.’ ³⁹ So they took him and threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.

⁴⁰ “Therefore, when the owner of the vineyard comes, what will he do to those tenants?”

⁴¹ “He will bring those wretches to a wretched end,” they replied, “and he will rent the vineyard to other tenants, who will give him his share of the crop at harvest time.”

⁴² Jesus said to them, “Have you never read in the Scriptures:

“‘The stone the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone;
the Lord has done this,
    and it is marvelous in our eyes’[Psalm 118:22,23]?

⁴³ “Therefore I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a people who will produce its fruit. ⁴⁴ Anyone who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces; anyone on whom it falls will be crushed.”

⁴⁵ When the chief priests and the Pharisees heard Jesus’ parables, they knew he was talking about them. ⁴⁶ They looked for a way to arrest him, but they were afraid of the crowd because the people held that he was a prophet.

Points to Ponder: What an awful time to be a Pharisee!  The prophecy quoted from the Psalms here is pivotal in the history of mankind.  Jesus is the stone… the rock!  The builders are the Jewish leaders.  Jesus is now the cornerstone on which The Church is built.  The parable Jesus tells here adds a little more to the Song of the Vineyard as recorded in Isaiah 5:1-7.

The Parable of the Wedding Banquet

22 Jesus spoke to them again in parables, saying: ² “The kingdom of heaven is like a king who prepared a wedding banquet for his son. ³ He sent his servants to those who had been invited to the banquet to tell them to come, but they refused to come.

⁴ “Then he sent some more servants and said, ‘Tell those who have been invited that I have prepared my dinner: My oxen and fattened cattle have been butchered, and everything is ready. Come to the wedding banquet.’

⁵ “But they paid no attention and went off—one to his field, another to his business. ⁶ The rest seized his servants, mistreated them and killed them. ⁷ The king was enraged. He sent his army and destroyed those murderers and burned their city.

⁸ “Then he said to his servants, ‘The wedding banquet is ready, but those I invited did not deserve to come. ⁹ So go to the street corners and invite to the banquet anyone you find.’ ¹⁰ So the servants went out into the streets and gathered all the people they could find, the bad as well as the good, and the wedding hall was filled with guests.

¹¹ “But when the king came in to see the guests, he noticed a man there who was not wearing wedding clothes. ¹² He asked, ‘How did you get in here without wedding clothes, friend?’ The man was speechless.

¹³ “Then the king told the attendants, ‘Tie him hand and foot, and throw him outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’

¹⁴ “For many are invited, but few are chosen.”

Points to Ponder: Another sobering parable.  The Gospel – it’s not complicated, just difficult to accept.  (Simply because it’s God’s plan… His wisdom, not ours.)  If you’ve been invited to the banquet, it’s best that you answer the call… affirmatively! 😊 Who would turn down such a great invitation?  But think of all the excuses we come up with to avoid spending time with God or being obedient to His will. Do we spend time reading Scripture… going to church… praying…  I am in awe and wonder when I see people get lost in the busyness of the Christmas season, and suddenly, they have even less time to spend with God. The sad irony is heartbreaking.

Yet when the end of time comes, and it will, we think we can just waltz in, just as we are?  That one man without wedding clothes did not fare well.  Isaiah 64:6 tells us that we are unclean and all our best attempts at cleaning up are as filthy rags. Cue the hymn… What can wash away my sins? Nothing but the blood of Jesus! Isaiah 61:10 foresaw that with salvation we are newly clothed, wrapped in a robe of His righteousness. There is no other suitable way to stand before a Holy God, than to be forgiven of our sins.  And that is only through repentance and faith in our savior, Jesus.

If you cannot commit to Him now, what makes you think that the commitment will come later in your life?  Does life have a way of making less difficulties and more available time as we get older and more mature?  NO! Are we even guaranteed a tomorrow?  The only ‘rational’ option is to go ‘all-in’ today!  Commit one whole year of your life reading scripture and praying one simple prayer… ‘God, make yourself known to me.’  Then start each day listening to or reading scripture.  End each day with thoughts of gratitude – consider the opportunities He’s given you to learn and grow. Then read Psalm 143:8 before going to sleep.

Paying the Imperial Tax to Caesar

¹⁵ Then the Pharisees went out and laid plans to trap him in his words. ¹⁶ They sent their disciples to him along with the Herodians. “Teacher,” they said, “we know that you are a man of integrity and that you teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. You aren’t swayed by others, because you pay no attention to who they are. ¹⁷ Tell us then, what is your opinion? Is it right to pay the imperial tax to Caesar or not?”

¹⁸ But Jesus, knowing their evil intent, said, “You hypocrites, why are you trying to trap me? ¹⁹ Show me the coin used for paying the tax.” They brought him a denarius, ²⁰ and he asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?”

²¹ “Caesar’s,” they replied.

Then he said to them, “So give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s, and to God what is God’s.”

²² When they heard this, they were amazed. So they left him and went away.

Points to Ponder: Another one of my favorite conversations in Scripture.  First of all, these two groups in cahoots… Pharisees (religious legalists) and Herodians (secular, liberal elites)… usually enemies, but now planning together to trap Jesus beginning with flattery… we know you’re a man of integrity.  Ugh.  Did you ever hear words like that come out of the mouth of someone who has no integrity? You don’t even want to hear the rest of the sentence!

And they think they’ve cornered him with a no-win question.  And he calls them out!!! First, he calls them hypocrites.  Then, in a deeply profound moment of opportunity, he takes the money that is used to pay the taxes and talks about ‘image’.  While we’re here on earth and taxes are a reality of life, pay your taxes… no big deal… because there is an eternity where money means nothing.  An eternity that is ruled by the one who has it all – He was willing to die for us because of His love for us… and we were created in His image. [Genesis 1:27]

Marriage at the Resurrection

²³ That same day the Sadducees, who say there is no resurrection, came to him with a question. ²⁴ “Teacher,” they said, “Moses told us that if a man dies without having children, his brother must marry the widow and raise up offspring for him. ²⁵ Now there were seven brothers among us. The first one married and died, and since he had no children, he left his wife to his brother. ²⁶ The same thing happened to the second and third brother, right on down to the seventh. ²⁷ Finally, the woman died. ²⁸ Now then, at the resurrection, whose wife will she be of the seven, since all of them were married to her?”

²⁹ Jesus replied, “You are in error because you do not know the Scriptures or the power of God. ³⁰ At the resurrection people will neither marry nor be given in marriage; they will be like the angels in heaven. ³¹ But about the resurrection of the dead—have you not read what God said to you, ³² ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’ [Exodus 3:6]? He is not the God of the dead but of the living.”

³³ When the crowds heard this, they were astonished at his teaching.

Points to Ponder: No marriage in heaven – is that a relief? Is it a heartache? It should be a significant part of our Spiritual life’s consideration, before entering into marriage in this life.  Jesus did not shy away from the significance of the marriage commitment.  He understood and taught us what was meant in the Old Testament.  (Consider Malachi 2:10-16 as an example.) 

Remember Matthew 5:36-37, commitments matter to God.  Jesus should not have to tell the Jewish leadership about marriage – there are many references in the Old Testament of God being a faithful husband to Israel.  The thought that these Sadducees should use the Jewish laws regarding marriage as a way to mock Jesus and scoff at the resurrection reveals how far their hearts have strayed from ‘the marriage partner of their youth.’  💔😭

We considered the marriage commitment in an earlier chapter.  Here we see that spouses, although married in this life, will not be married in heaven.  If we are to hear, ‘Well done, my good and faithful servant…’ then that service includes how well we handled our marital relationship in this life.

Wherever we find ourselves now… already married, not yet married, married but not with a Christian perspective… we are grateful for the blood of Jesus to atone for our past sins related to our marriages; With a freshly cleansed heart in this area, we then move forward with the knowledge of what God is sharing with us from His heart.  (As His children… we take baby steps if this is a new concept.)

The Greatest Commandment

³⁴ Hearing that Jesus had silenced the Sadducees, the Pharisees got together. ³⁵ One of them, an expert in the law, tested him with this question: ³⁶ “Teacher, which is the greatest commandment in the Law?”

³⁷ Jesus replied: “‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’ [Deuteronomy 6:5] ³⁸ This is the first and greatest commandment. ³⁹ And the second is like it: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’ [Leviticus 19:18] ⁴⁰ All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments.”

Points to Ponder: Jesus condenses the Old Testament Law and Prophets into the two most important directions for your life: (1) Vertical – your relationship with God and (2) Horizontal – your relationship with others.  

There is no fruit in your life on the horizontal level that can be ‘seen’ by others if your vertical relationship is missing.  This is the key difference between Christianity and every other religion.

Religions teach that you can do things to earn the favor of God.  If you do a lot of good things, you can even convince yourself that God owes you.  If you compare yourself with others, then He owes you a lot!  Stop right there… that’s a wild lie that leads you astray.  First notice, that if you judge others by what they are doing… or not doing… then you are putting yourself into the position of God. 

Jesus teaches that you love God first.  (My personal testimony is that you can’t even love people, if you don’t love God first… in fact, it’s pretty easy to hate people.)

When God calls you… answer the invitation.  It won’t be easy. He’ll show you how sinful you are and the need you have for a savior.  Then, He smiles, and reminds you that He already saved you… blowing your mind because until that moment, you never quite saw it that way!  You’ll want to spend ALL your time with Him because suddenly… You love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind!

Then with that vertical connection established, He fills you with the love, power, strength, and compassion to see others as He sees them. Suddenly a whole new horizontal realm of loving neighbors opens up since He’s forgiven them just as He’s forgiven you. 

This is a way of life that is not found in any culture nor in any period of time. There is no educational, scientific, or political system that can empower individuals to live this way. We will never evolve into this way of life – THIS is the resurrection power that is only found in the followers of Jesus.  This is the love that Paul tries to explain to the Church in 1 Corinthians 13:4-6. This is what we long for; what we eagerly await to find in heaven.

Whose Son Is the Messiah?

⁴¹ While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them, ⁴² “What do you think about the Messiah? Whose son is he?”

“The son of David,” they replied.

⁴³ He said to them, “How is it then that David, speaking by the Spirit, calls him ‘Lord’? For he says,

⁴⁴ “‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
until I put your enemies
    under your feet.”’ [Psalm 110:1]

⁴⁵ If then David calls him ‘Lord,’ how can he be his son?” ⁴⁶ No one could say a word in reply, and from that day on no one dared to ask him any more questions.

Points to Ponder: Jesus reminds the Pharisees about a key promise made in the Old Testament, regarding King David.  Time and history is a construct of God given to us on the first page of Scripture. [Genesis 1:5]  But don’t get too comfortable with time and history, this verse blows it all way.  A descendant of King David is already his Lord.

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Summary: In these chapters we are considering the authority or Kingly role, as well as the eternal Lordship, of Jesus.  We are taught that there is a difference in following Jesus as our Lord from what we may have assumed to be acceptable based on other so-called ‘religious’ practices.  We learn to be reconciled in our relationship with God, so that we can reconcile the other human relationships in our lives. We must prioritize God first- love Him with all that we have and all that we are. Then, as His images, we are capable of loving others and we are called to do just that.

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🙏🏻 Heavenly Father, Lord Jesus, Holy Spirit – Thank You for Your life-giving Words. We ask You to strengthen us and enable us to be Your ambassadors to those around us. We love You and praise You.  Amen.

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Recap for Matthew

• Chapter 1 – The genealogy of Jesus showing this has always been God’s plan to restore humanity. GOD IS FAITHFUL.
• Chapter 2 – The wise men, the outsiders search for the king. His own people reject and try to kill Jesus. NOT ALL HAVE EYES TO SEE.
• Chapter 3 – John the Baptist prepares the way by calling people to repentance and baptizing Jesus. IF WE ‘SEE’, HOW SHOULD WE RESPOND?
• Chapter 4 – Jesus is tested by Satan in the wilderness. He remains faithful and standing strong using the Word of God. Jesus begins His mission – gathering disciples, healing, and preaching about God’s Kingdom. JESUS SHOWS US THE WAY.
• Chapter 5 – Sermon on the Mount – Part 1.  Rethink everything! What it means to be blessed… what is our purpose… this was always the message of the Old Testament. You think you know right from wrong? Not just murder, but anger and dismissing others is wrong. Not just adultery, but leering is wrong. Divorce may be legal but it was never part of God’s design – keep your promises – all of them… integrity matters to the people around you.  Eye-for-eye? No!   Learn to love your enemies.
• Chapter 6 – Sermon on the Mount – Part 2. Draw near to God, your father, in relationship. No showy religion when serving God or others. Pray to God, earnestly. Fast for a purpose.  Do all this in secret where your Father sees you and rewards you in heaven.  Don’t worry about the things of this world… He sees your giving… he sees your working… he hears your praying… he sees and knows what you need?  Trust Him – Seek Him first; everything else falls into place.
• Chapter 7 – Sermon on the Mount – Part 3. Living it out as a disciple of Christ.  DO NOT TRY THIS AT HOME… ALONE. 😉 Christian life is designed to be lived out in a community – connected to God through Jesus in order to connect to other believers.  As this new life progresses, this life is designed to be generational.  You start as a baby… you need to learn from your Christian siblings and your Christian parents.  Don’t judge others, you’re still a child!  Pray always… continually… He’s waiting to spend time with you! And be bold… try something new. Do something for someone else, that you would like.  This is the  way He told us to live – not everyone will be faithful, but you are in charge of your decisions. Building your life on the teachings of Jesus is akin to a house on a solid foundation.
• Chapter 8 – JESUS WALKS THE TALK. He teaches and He puts it into action – healing a leper, healing the servant of a Roman officer – nothing is outside of His domain. He heals those with fevers and those possessed by demons. People want a piece of the action, but He reminds them that He has no home here.  If you want a piece of His Kingdom, you have to give up this one.  (And if you still doubt the value of such a choice – Jesus spoke to calm a storm.)
• Chapter 9 – WHAT DOES HIS KINGDOM LOOK LIKE? First and foremost – our sins are forgiven, completely.  Religious formality has no authority over sin, Jesus does. We watch Jesus call the outcasts that religion often overlooks and bids them, ‘Follow Me.’   Jesus teaches us to rethink the motivation behind religious practices. Instead of becoming unclean by associating with the unclean, Jesus is Lord over all the corruption in life – He brings new life and restores the broken and unclean around Him.  Everyone is hungry for the life that Jesus offers, except for the religious leaders.
• Chapter 10 – THE DISCIPLES ARE SENT TO WORK THE HARVEST.  For a time, they are empowered to heal diseases, raise the dead, and cast out evil spirits.  All must hear the Gospel message of the Kingdom and choose for themselves.  We are to go boldly and unashamed.
• Chapter 11 – THERE’S TWO OPTIONS… BEING A CHILD OF GOD OR BEING CHILDISH IN YOUR REFUSAL. He is Lord; we are not.  Insisting on your own way is not only childish, but incredibly dangerous. Being a child of God opens up your heart and mind to learn from God.
• Chapter 12 – GOD’S CHOSEN SERVANT – behavior that is not always modeled by religious leaders. 💔 We are all tempted by the real enemy – The Tempter. We are either under the influence of Satan, doubting God or we are God’s children, turning our backs on Satan’s influence in this world and aligning ourselves with the will of God as revealed in Scripture.
• Chapter 13 – Parables for this pre-harvest age and parables for the Kingdom of Heaven.
• Chapter 14 – The horrific death of John the Baptist and Jesus’ response – feeding 5000+ and walking on water.
• Chapter 15 – A Gentile woman reveals more faith than the Pharisees and the disciples.
• Chapter 16 – The Pharisees demand a sign – Jesus calls them wicked but promises the sign of Jonah. God reveals to Peter that Jesus is the Messiah. Jesus shares the details of His suffering, death, and resurrection with His disciples then has to rebuke Peter as Satan when Peter objects to the plan!
• Chapter 17 – Jesus is transfigured; a few disciples get a glimpse. But it is beyond comprehension.
• Chapter 18 – Who’s the greatest in the kingdom? The humble child. We are given a few guidelines and warnings as to how we are to live this Christian life connected to other Christians.
• Chapter 19 – Can we divorce for any and every reason? No. But… but… stop and remember that the kingdom of heaven if for such as these… the children that come to Jesus… not the arrogant adults that justify their sinful, selfish behaviors that negatively affect others.  Even the ‘good’ people… the ‘rich’ people… those that seem ‘naturally’ blessed in this world don’t have eternal life without submitting to Jesus.
• Chapter 20 – there is only one Master – God. We are all servants. Whether we’ve been Christians for decades or days – we’re on equal footing… servants to the same master.  There is no hierarchy among the servants.  Humble yourself and serve… there’s no grumbling or complaining that can be justified.

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